What is Claw Toe?

Claw toe is a deformity where one or more toes bend into an abnormal position, resembling a bird’s claw. The affected toe bends upward at the joint near the ball of the foot (metatarsophalangeal joint) and downward at the middle and tip joints, curling under the foot. This abnormal posture can cause pressure points, leading to painful corns and calluses on the top of the toes or under the ball of the foot, making walking difficult.

Common Causes of Claw Toe

Claw toe usually affects the four smaller toes (not the big toe). It can be:

• Congenital (present at birth)
• Acquireddue to underlying conditions such as:

• Nerve damage (neuropathy) that weakens foot muscles
• Rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory joint disorders
• Neurological disorders like cerebral palsy or brain injury
  • Footwear-related, often seen in women who frequently wear tight or high-heeled shoes

How is Claw Toe Diagnosed?

Diagnosis begins with a physical examination of the foot. Your doctor may also order X-rays or neurological tests to identify underlying nerve or muscle disorders contributing to the deformity.

Treatment Options for Claw Toe

Conservative Management (early/flexible cases):

• Toe stretching and strengthening exercises
• Wearing shoes with a wide, soft toe box
• Padding, taping, or splinting to reduce pressure and align toes

Surgical Management (advanced/rigid cases):
If conservative treatment fails to relieve symptoms, your doctor may recommend surgical correction, which may include tendon release, tendon transfer, or joint fusion.